Unit3UndertheseaPart3Grammer

详细内容

mon ourrence. 因此那时给鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。
He could no bear being made fun of like that. 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。
2.在want, need, deserve, require等动词后，尽管表示的是被动的意思，我们却用动名词的主动形式。
My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了。
The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提一下.
二、现在分词的被动形式
在表示一个被动动作时，如果这个动作是现在正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，我们可以用现在分词的被动。

当堂达标

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2010安徽－30) He had a wonderfull childhood，______with his mother to all corners of the world.
A．travel　　　B．to travel
C．traveled D．traveling
2．(2010北京－ 21)________at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A．Looking B．Look
C．To look D．Looked
3．(2010福建－25) Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock，________supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.
A．sending B．to send
C．having sent D．to have sent
4．(2010湖南－21) Listen! Do you hear someone________for help?
A．calling B．call
C．to call D．called
5．(2010湖南－26) Dina，________for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A．struggling B．struggled
C．having struggled D．to struggle
6．(2010江苏－28) The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，________the students to return to their classrooms.
A．enabling B．having enabled
C．to enable D．to have enabled
7．(2010江西－24) The lady walked around the shops，________an eye out for bargains.
A．keep B．kept
C．keeping D．to keep
8．(2010四川－17) The lawyer listened with full attention，________to miss any point.
A．not trying B．trying not
C．to try not D．not to try
9．(2010天津－12)It rained heavily in the south，________serious flooding in several provinces.
A．caused B．having caused
C．causing D．to cause
10．(2010重庆－30)The news shocked the public, ______to great concern about students' safety at school.
A．having led B．led
C．leading D．to lead
11．(2010浙江－20) The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and________less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A．being weighed B．to weigh
C．weighed D．weighing
12．(2010上海秋－32)I had great difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A．find B．found
C．to find D．finding
13．(2010上海秋－35)________the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
A．Approaching B．Approached
C．To approach D．To be approached
14．Jane's summer vacation in America led________an American.
A．to her marrying
B．for her to marry
C．to be married
D．to her being married
15．We're all looking forward________.
A．to be written to
B．to write
C．to being written to
D．to writing
16．When he saw a mouse________on the table, he stopped drawing and________it.
A．play; watched
B．playing; watched
C．playing; watching
D．to play; watching
17．He managed to steal into the room without________and took away all the money.
A．noticing
B．being noticed
C．have noticed
D．having been noticed
18．More attention should be paid________the pollution of the environment.
A．to protect B．to save
C．to protecting D．to preventing
19．―What's the matter with the man?
―________from school for nothing made him mad.
A．His son is absent
B．His son being absent
C．His son's being absent
D．His son's absent
20．It's no good________work and not________up our experience.
A．doing; to sum B．doing; summing
C．to do; to sum D．to do; summing
21．What worried the boy most was________to visit his mother in the hospital.
A．his not allowing
B．his not being allowed
C．his being not allowed
D．having not been allowed
22．He was angry at________the truth.
A．not telling
B．not told
C．not being told
D．not having told
23．―I try________the rule but I always fet.
―Why don't you try________it down?
A．to remember; writing
B．remember; to write
C．to remember; to write
D．remembering; writing
24．―Do you feel like________there or shall we take a bus?
―I'd like to walk. But since there isn't much time left, I'd rather we________a taxi.
A．walking; hire B．to walk; hire
C．to walk; hired D．walking; hired
25．________a reply, he decided to write again.
A．Not receiving
B．Not having received
C．Receiving not
D．Having not received
26．________such a good chance, he plans to learn more.
A．To be given B．Having given
C．Having been given D．Giving
27．The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed________.
A．catching B．to be caught
C．being caught D．to catch
28．While shopping, people sometimes can't help________into buying something they don't really need.
A．persuade B．persuading
C．being persuaded D．be persuaded
29．She didn't remember________him before.
A．having met
B．have met
C．to met
D．to having met
30．―What do you think of the book?
―Oh, excellent! It's worth________a second time.
A．to read B．to be read
C．reading D．being read
单选题答案详解
1.答案：D　本题题意：他有一个美好的童年，随同母亲一起周游世界。本题考查分词短语担任状语。动作travel与主语he之间存在逻辑上的“主谓关系”，采用现在分词形式。
2答案：A　本题题意：看着同学们那一张张面孔，我察觉到了他们眼神中所流露出来的同样的兴奋神情。本题考查现在分词短语担任时间状语，表示与谓语动作同时发生的一个主动动作。
3答案：A　本题题意：地震发生后，大量的救援人员昼夜不停地为青海省玉树县提供补给。现在分词短语sending supplies to Yushu担任方式或伴随状语，表示句子的主语所发出的一个与谓语动作work同时发生的主动动作。
4答案：A　本题题意：听！你听见有人在喊救命吗？ 表示感觉的动词 see, hear, feel, smell以及listen(to), notice和watch等，它们既可以采用现在分词担任宾补，也可以采用不带to的不定式担任宾补，但含义不同。现在分词既可表示动作到目前为止已结束，也可表示仍在进行之中，所以它的用法较为普遍。但意欲强调这一动作到目前为止已经结束时，要用不带to的不定式。此外，表达一连串的动作时它比分词形式在形式上要简练些。例如：① I saw him changing the wheel.(我看见他换轮子)这个句子可以指看见了动作的整个过程，也可指只看见动作的一部分。② I saw him change the wheel. 意指我看到了动作的全过程。
5答案：C　本题题意：蒂娜数月来一直在努力寻找一份作服务员的工作，最终在当地的广告代理公司得到了一个职位。本题考查分词短语担任时间状语，动作struggle与主语Dina之间构成逻辑上的“主谓关系”，且发生在谓语动作took a position之前，故采用现在分词的完成式。
6答案：A　本题题意：这位退休老人把自己的大多数积蓄都捐给了在玉树地震中受损的学校，使学生能够重返校园。现在分词短语在句中担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。
7答案：C　本题题意：那位女士在商店闲逛，仔细观察着那些便宜货。本题考查现在分词短语担任方式或伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动作walk同时发生的主动动作。注意，keep an eye out for表示“警戒；密切注意”。例如：The police have been instructed to keep an eye out for pickpockets at the fair. 警察奉命监视博览会里的扒手。
8答案：B　本题题意：律师全神贯注，试图抓住问题的要害。本题考查现在分词短语担任方式或伴随状语以及动词不定式否定式的用法。
9答案：C　本题题意：南方雨下得很大，几个省份发生了洪涝灾害。本题考查现在分词短语担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。
10答案：C　本题题意：这个消息使公众震惊，引发了人们对学生在校安全的高度关注。本题考查现在分词短语担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。
11答案：D　本题题意：交通规则指出四岁以下以及体重不超过四十磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。现在分词短语weighing less than 40 pounds担任后置定语，修饰名词young children，相当于定语从句who/that weigh less than 40 pounds.
12答案：D　本题题意：在那家餐厅的菜单上，我很难找到适宜的饭菜。have difficulty(in)doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。
13答案：A　本题题意：走近市中心，我们看到一个石头雕像，约10米高。本题考查现在分词短语担任时间状语，表示一个与谓语动作同时发生的主动动作。
14答案：A　lead to作“导致，产生”解，其中的to是介词，后接动名词，故排除B、C两项。be married to sb.表状态， marry sb.表动作。
15答案：C　look forward to是一短语，其中to为介词，故排除A、B选项。从句意上分析应使用动名词的被动式。
16答案：B　see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，and连接两个并列谓语，动词时态保持一致。
17答案：B　without是介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语，此处用动名词的被动式表示“被人发现”。
18答案：D　pay attention to是固定搭配，意为“注意”，to是介词，所以后接动名词作宾语；protect意为“保护”；prevent指“阻止”，故选D项。
19答案：C　one's doing sth.是动名词的复合结构，可以作主语、宾语或表语，此处His son's being absent作主语。
20答案：B　It's no good doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是不好的”，此处的do和sum up两个动作是并列关系，所以都用动名词形式。
21答案：B　one's being done是动名词复合结构的被动式，变成否定式直接在动名词前加not，即one's not being done，这个结构可作主语、宾语或表语。
22答案：C　not being told表示“没有被告知”。
23答案：A　句意：“我尽力去记这条规则但是总是记不住。”“那你为什么不试着把它写下来呢？”try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”，try doing sth.意为“试着做某事”。
24答案：D　feel like意为“想要”，后接名词或动名词作宾语，不接不定式。would rather后接宾语从句时，常常构成下列句式：would rather(that)sb. did sth./had done sth.
25答案：B　not having received为现在分词的完成式的否定式在句中担任状语，表示到现在为止还没有收到。
26答案：C　此处用现在分词完成式的被动式作状语，强调主句的主语是动作的承受者，同时分词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。
27答案：C　句意为“这只松鼠如此幸运，以致它刚刚逃脱了被抓(的命运)”。miss后接动名词担任宾语，考虑逻辑关系，选用被动形式。
28答案：C　can't help doing sth表示“忍不住做某事”，此处用动名词的被动式。
29答案：A　remember后接动名词形式作宾语，表示“记得曾经做过某事”。
30答案：C　be worth doing...表示“值得做……”，采用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。