中考英语作文面面观-记叙文二、写好记叙文的基本要领

详细内容

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1.头绪分明，脉络清楚

写好记叙文，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“W”和一个“H”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“W”和“H”，但动笔之前，围绕五个“W”和“H”进行构思是必不可少的。

2.突出中心，详略得当

在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。要突出重点，详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。如：

Onenightamancametoourhouseandtoldme,"Thereisafamilywitheightchildren.Theyhavenoteatenfordays."Itooksomefoodwithmeandwent.

WhenIfinallycametothatfamily,Isawthefacesofthoselittlechildrendisfigured（破坏外貌）byhunger.Therewasnosorroworsadnessintheirfaces,justthedeeppainofhunger.

Igavethericetothemother.Shedividedthericeintwo,andwentout,carryinghalftherice.Whenshecameback,Iaskedher,"Wheredidyougo?"shegavemethissimpleanswer,"Tomyneighbors—theyarehungryalso!"

3.用活语言，准确生动

记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动，其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。

原文：

OnedayXiaoqiangwaswanderingaway.Hewassoonlostamongpeopleandtraffic.Hecouldnotfindthewaybackhomeandstartedcrying.Justthen,twoyoungstudentswhowerepassingbyfoundhimstandingaloneinfrontofashopandcrying.TheywentuptoXiaoqiangandaskedhimwhathadhappened.Xiaoqiangtoldthemhowhegotlostandwherehelived.Thetwostudentsdecidedtotakehimhome.MotherwaspleasedtoseeXiaoqiangebacksafeandsound.Sheinvitedthetwostudentsintothehouseandgavethemsomemoney,buttheydidn'ttakeit.Sheservedthemwithteabuttheyleft.

修改后：

Theotherday,five-year-oldXiaoqianglefthomealoneandwanderedhappilyinthestreet.Aftersometime,hefelthungrysohewantedtogobackhome.Buthefoundhewaslostamongthecrowdedpeopleandheavytraffic.Whenhecouldnotfindthewayhome,hestartedandcrying.Justthen,twoyoungstudentswhowerepassingbyfromschoolfoundhimsandingcryinginfrontofashop.Theyimmediatelywentuptohim.

"Littleboy,whyareyoustandingherecrying?"theyasked.

"IwantMom,Igohome."saidtheboy,stillcrying.

"Don'tworry,we'llsendyouhome."

Andtheyspentthenexttwohourslookingfortheboy'shouse.Withthehelpofapoliceman,theyfinallyfoundit.

Whentheworriedmothersawhersonebacksafeandsound,shewassothankfulandsheinvitedthestudentsintoherhouse.Gratefully,sheofferedthemsomemoney,sayingitwasawaytoexpressherthanks,buttheyoungstudentsfirmlyrefuseditandleftwithoutevenacupoftea.