八下英语Unit8第1课时SectionA（1-2d）导学案新人教版
详细内容
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?第一课时Section A(1-2d) ?
【Free talk】What do you usually do on weekends?
【学习目标】
1. 学习下列单词：treasure island classic page hurry due
2. 学习下列短语：Treasure Island go out to sea an island full of treasure in the United Kingdom
grow up put down at least hurry up
3. 能熟练运用下列语句询问活动情况：
1. ―Have you read Little Woman yet?―Yes,I have./ No, I haven’t .
2. ?What’s it like?―It’s fantastic.
4. 重点语法：现在完成时
【导学案】
一、通读课本P57-P58, 翻译下列短语：
1. Treasure Island ___________ 2. go out to sea __________
3. an island full of treasure __________4. 在英国________5.长大 ______
6.放下_________7. 至少__________8. 赶快______ 9. 书的扉页______
10. 两周后____________
二、翻译下列句子。
1、你决定写哪本书了吗？ .
2、它怎么样? _____________________________________ .
3、《雾都孤儿》是关于一个小男孩出海并且发现一个满是珍宝的小岛的故事.
______________________________________________________________________________.
4. 我已经读完它了。____________________________________ .
5.你至少已经读了书的封面并了解它是关于什么的书了吧？____________________________________
【课中案】
一、自主学习
1. 1b 1c 运用主要句型进行问答练习。
A: ______ you ______(read) Little Woman yet ?
B: No, I________
A: ―Have you decided which book __________( read) yet ?
B: ―Yes,I have.
2.2a.2b listening
3.2d.Role-play the conversation.
二、合作探究，质疑解惑
★重点词语
1. yet / already.
★already通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，位于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词之后。
例：We have already cleaned the classroom.我们已经打扫了教室。
★yet用于疑问句中表示“已经”；用于否定句中，表示“还(没)”。例如：
―Has he found his watch yet？他还没找到他的表吗？ ―No, not yet.. 是，还没有。
★经典句型
1.What do you think of it?你认为它怎么样？ 另一种结构为 How do you like it?
例： What do they think of the science fiction?
=How do they like the science fiction?
2. ―Have you decided which book to write about yet ? 你决定写哪本书了吗？
which book to write about 写哪本书 “疑问词+不定式”= which book you should write about
例: I can’t decide when to leave.
3.Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝的吗？“to drink”动词不定式做定语。
例: Water park is a good place to have fun .水上乐园是一个玩的好地方。
★重点语法
现在完成时
一． 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)
二． 句型：
否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
三．用法
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Guo zijun has (just/already) e. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.
①for+时段
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
四．has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别
Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)
Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.
Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）
My father has been to Shanghai.
Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）
My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.
五．现在完成时的标志
1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
* 以already, just和yet为标志
He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn't e back yet. 他还没有回来。
* 以ever和never为标志
This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。
* 以动作发生的次数为标志
He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before
He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。
She has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。
* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志
注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用
2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
六．过去分词
规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同：
(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时与一般过去时都表示“动作已经发生”，但不同点在于：
1. 现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，即对现在产生的结果、影响等，而一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。
He has learned French for three years.他学法语已经三年了。
He learned French for three years.他曾经学过三年法语。
Who has taken my bag? I couldn't find it.谁拿走了我的包？我找不到了？
He cleaned the house yesterday.他昨天打扫过房间。
The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.房间很干净，因为他已经打扫过了。
2. 现在完成时不可与表示过去的时间副词连用，而一般过去时则可以。
He did some washing yesterday. 他昨天洗衣服了。
【精题演练】
1. --- Where _____you ______ (put) the book? I can’t see it anywhere.
--- I _______(put) it right here. But now it’s gone.
A. did ; put; put B. have; put; put C. did; put; have put D. have; put; have put
2.Hello, I ____ you were in London. How long _________ here?
A. don’t know; were you B. hadn’t known; are you
C. haven’t known; are D. didn’t know; have you been
【课后案】
一、完成对话。
( M：Mark T：Tina )
M: 1 _______.
T: No. I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet .
M: 2
T: I’ve already put it in the garage .
M: 3
T: Not yet . I’ll do it in a minute .
M: 4
T: Yes, I have .I fed it a moment ago .
A.Have you fed the cat yet ?
B. What about your bike ?
C. Are you ready ,Tina ?
D. Have you turned off your radio ?
二、根据所给首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1.Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an island full of t______
2.Robinsin Crusoe is a c________?
3.You should hurry up. The book report is d____ in two weeks.
4.Tina think s that Treasure Island is a f______ book.
5.Which book would you like ______(选择)。
三、根据句意，用所给词语的适当形式填空。
1.My mother _______(have)a cold yesterday .
2.I have already finished ______(read) it today .
3. Tom _______never _______(be) to China .
4．He _______(have) dinner already .
四、完成句子。
1.《雾都孤儿》是关于一个小男孩出海并且发现一个满是珍宝的小岛的故事.
Oliver Twist is about a boy who _____ ____ ___ ____and found an island _____ _______ _______.
2. .你至少已经读了书的封面并了解它是关于什么的书了吧？
Have you _____ ____read ____ _____ ____ of the back to see what it?s about?
3.这本书是关于什么的？ What’s the book _______?
4.这本书的简介会在两周后预定。The book report is ____ ______ ______ ______.
五、单项选择
1. He has lived here ______ ten years ago.
A.in B.since C.about D.for
2.---Have you packet the beach towels __________? ---__________ .I haven’t.
A.yet ,Yes. B.already ,Yes C.yet , No D.already , No
3. ―Where is your father? We haven’t seen each other for weeks.
―______.
A. He has been to America
B. He has gone to England
C. He is going to Australia
D. He would visit my grandparents
4.---Where’s Sam ? ---He ______ for France .He will stay there for a month.
A. had left B. has left C. left D. will leave
5. ―I’m sorry, Mary, I ______ your radio for such a long time. ―Never mind.
A. keep B. kept C. have kept D. am keeping