中考英语复习学案（8AUnit6NaturalDisasters）

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e down = fall

朝四面八方跑去run in all directions=run in every direction

跑出…../跑进….run out of … / run into…

尽某人最大努力做某事try one’s best to do sth.

镇定下来、平静下来calm down

最后finally = at last = in the end

结束be over = end

被困住be trapped

自言自语say to oneself

片刻的恐惧a moment of fear

（大声）求救shout/call/scream for help

到处everywhere = here and there

没有任何吃的东西have nothing to eat

兴奋的叫声excited shouts

急匆匆地去干某事be in a (great) hurry to do sth.

降一点点drop a little

降到零下5度drop to -5℃

大约7度(be) around 7℃

变得更坏bee/get worse

找借口make excuses / make an excuse

叫某人（不要）做某事tell/ask sb. (not) to do sth.

建议某人（不要）做某事advise sb. (not) to do sth.

警告某人（不要）做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth.

命令某人（不要）做某事order sb. (not) to do sth.

把….搬走（代词放中间）move …away

精神紧张be nervous

经历地震后而存活下来survive the earthquake

听起来像…sound like….

天气预报weather forecast

锁门lock the door

跑下楼run do wn the stairs

将（电器）打开/关闭turn …on/off

将（电器音量）调高/调低turn …up/down

走出教室walk out of the classroom

一个接一个one by one = one after another

一个事故报告an aident report

打电话给110热线call the 110 hotline

到达时间the time of arrival

（严重）受伤（系表结构）be (badly/seriously) hurt

着火catch fire = be on fire

警方（集体名词）the police

在风中in the wind

除了做某事外不能做任何事do nothing but do sth. （前面do不以是别的动词，后面do可以是任何动词，但必须是原形）

朝….外看/朝….里看look out of…. / look into…

继续做（同一件）事continue to do sth. = continue doing sth.

=go on doing sth. = go on with sth.

用….将….盖起来cover…with…..

….被…..覆盖起来…..be covered with …

语法讲解：

一．过去进行时的基本含义:

表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作以及过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作,常与表示过去的具体时间，如：at that time，at this time yesterday，at 9.00 last night , at that moment 等连用。

过去进行时:(Past continuous tense) be (was/were) + verb-ing

二．过去进行时的句式

（1）基本结构：was/were + v-ing

（2）否定式： was/were not + v-ing (was not = wasn’t / were not = weren’t)

（3）疑问句：将 was/were 调到主语前三．过去进行时的基本用法:

1.表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的动作.常与at ten last night, at this time yesterday, at that time/moment,when I came in等连用.

2.表示在过去某段时间之内持续不断发生的动作.常与last night, this morning, from…to(from7 to 10 this morning)连用.

3.有时为了句子表达的需要,我们可以用复合句来表达过去进行时.如 • 昨晚当我到家的时候,妈妈和爸爸正在看电视.

My parents were watching TV when I arrived home last night.

• 刚才当老师走进教室的时候,学生们正在读书.

Students were reading when the teacher came in just now.

在这些句子中,when引导的句子表过去的某一个具体的时间,when从句用一般过去时,而它的主句用过去进行时.

• 但是若强调某个动作正在进行中时,又发生了别的动作,用when从句. when从句必用过去进行时,主句用一般过去时.(表示在when从句正进行期间又发生了主句的动作)此时, when=while,表时间段.如 • 当学生们正在读书时,老师走进了教室. • 昨晚当爸爸和妈妈正在看电视时,我到家了. • When/while we were having supper, the light went out. • When/While he was riding a bike, he fell off and hurt his leg. • 若主,从句两个延续动作同时进行,用while,则主句与从句都用进行时,

此时,while译为“而” “一边,一边”,如:

• He was reading the newspaper while I was studying.

四．过去进行时与一般过去时的区别

1.）过去进行时着重描述当时正在进行的动作，它的特点是：未完成，强调过程；

一般过去时表示一个业已完成的动作，表示动作发生过，而且已经结束了，强调结果。 2.）过去进行时侧重表示动作的延续；

一般过去时表示过去某时发生过某事，侧重说明事实。

He was writing all night last night. (生动的描写，他一直写……)

He wrote something last night． (说明他写了……的事实)

注：下列几类动词通常不用于进行时。

① 表示状态的动词be；

② 感官动词：feel，hear，look，smell，taste等；

③ 表示思维或心理状态的动词：believe, fet，consider(认为)，know，remember，hope，wish，want 等；

④ 表示所属关系的动词： belong，have，own，hold（容纳）等。本单元巩固练习：

一. 根据句意,首字母或中文提示写出单词. 1. During the Spri ng Festival, a heavy __________(暴风雪) hit many areas across southern China. 2. My uncle is a _____________(消防员) and my aunt works in a factory. 3. It’s raining ___________(大), please don’t go out. 4. The ____________(气温) will be lower tomorrow. 5. After a m_________ of fear, the young man went on driving his car. 6. Look, the students are ___________(clear sth. with a mop) the floor. 7. Timmy was t________ in a dark place when the earthquake stopped. 8. On r________ days most people don’t like to go outside. 9. The old man is n__________ 70 years old, but he looks strong. 10. The woman couldn’t ____________(平静). 11. My mother _________________(make) cakes at 9:00 last night. 12. The sun _______________(shine) when we got to the top of the mountain. 二. 单项选择. ( ) 1.‘You can’t have this football back ________ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,’ the old man said angrily. A. because B. since C. when D. until ( )2. I won’t leave my office until my work _______. A. finish B. will finish C. are finished D. is finished ( )3. ________ the students went to t he Natural History Museum last Sunday. A. Two hundred B. Two hundreds C. Two hundred of D. Hundreds of ( )4. A train is going _______, a tunnel. A. through B. over C. along D. across ( )5. There is no _______ things on the moon. A. alive B. living C. lively D. life ( )6. The children _______ a P.E. class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain. A. have B. are having C. had D. were having ( )7. My mother ________ when I got home. A. cook B. cooks C. cooked D. was cooking ( )8. The police warned the thief _______ any more. A. not steal B. don’t steal C. not to steal D. not stealing ( )9. He didn’t tell his parents he was going home because he wanted to give them a __ _____. A. joy B. surprise C. shock D. happiness ( )10. I ______ in a dark place when the earthquake _______ . A. was trapped; stopped B. trapped; stopped C. was trapping; stopped D. traps; stops ( )11. It is _______ today. Listen! The ______ is blowing stro ngly. A. wind; wind B. windy; windy C. wind; windy D. windy; wind ( )12. A moment of ______ went through her mind and she soon ______ to run away. A. fearing; tried B. fears; tried C. fearing; tries D. fear; tried ( )13. ---The air is yellow and thick. What’s the matter with the city? ---A terrible sandstorm_____ the city yesterday. A. broke B. had C. shock D. hit 三. 将下列句子翻成英语 1．当我平静下来的时候，我发现我被困在黑暗中。 When I _______ _______, I found I _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. 2．当地震开始的时候，人们四处奔逃。 When the earthquake started, people _______ _______ _______ _______. 3．人们赶紧把砖块、石头移走。 People _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ move away the bricks and stones. 4．四周太静了。他们惊恐地彼此看着对方。 It was too quiet around them. They _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. 5．既然天气这么好，为什么不去野营？ _______ the weather is _______ _______, _______ _______ _______ _______? 6. 因为地震，我们没有吃的东西。 _______ _______ the earthquake, w e _______ _______ _______ _______.

中考英语复习学案（8AUnit6NaturalDisasters）

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