骨肿瘤患者伴发抑郁状态与抑郁症的对比研究(一)
详细内容
【关键词】 骨肿瘤;抑郁症;汉密顿抑郁量表
〔摘要〕 目的:通过骨肿瘤患者伴发抑郁状态与抑郁症的比较,分析骨肿瘤患者抑郁症状的临床特征。方法:在我院骨科住院治疗的符合ICD10抑郁发作的骨肿瘤患者38例和心理科住院治疗的抑郁症患者26例,以汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)为抑郁症状的评估工具,辅助以生活事件量表(LES)和自行设计调查表进行相关因素调查。结果:骨肿瘤组与抑郁症组HAMD总平均分分数分别为21.53±2.01和26.34±6.35,差异有显著性(t=4.466,P0.01);两组的罪恶感、入睡困难、睡眠不深、早醒、迟缓、全身症状和体重减轻等症状的严重程度基本相等,而抑郁情绪、自杀观念、工作和兴趣、激怒、精神焦虑、躯体焦虑、胃肠症状、性症状、疑病等症状,抑郁症组明显重于骨肿瘤组,骨肿瘤组患者自制力明显缺乏。结论:骨肿瘤患者的抑郁症为轻度或中度的抑郁发作,存在自责、入睡困难、睡眠不深、早醒、工作与兴趣下降、迟缓和全身不适等症状。
〔关键词〕骨肿瘤;抑郁症;汉密顿抑郁量表
parison Between the Depressive Symptoms in Bone Tumor Patients and Depression
Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of depressive symptoms in patients with bone tumor by parison of depressive symptoms between patients with bone tumor caused depression and depressive patients.Methods 38 patients with bone tumor and 26 depressive patients in our hospital,who met the diagnostic criteria of depressive attack in International Classification of DiseaseTenth Revision(ICD10),were enrolled in the study.All the patients were assessed with the Hamilton depressive scale(HAMD),the life event scale (LES) and selfdesigned questionnaire.Results The mean total score of HAMD was significantly different between the bone tumor group(21.53±2.01) and depression group(26.34±6.35) (t=4.466,P0.01).The severities of the symptoms including the guiltfeeling,difficulty falling asleep,disorders of initating and maintaining sleep,early wake up,retardation,physical symptoms and loss of body mass were almost same in both groups,but the symptoms of depressive mood,suicidal idea,poor interests to work and entertainment,agitation,mental anxiety,physical anxiety,gastrointestinal symptoms,sexual symptoms and hypochondriasis were much severer in the depression group than in the bone tumor group.Patients in the bone tumor group were obviously lack of selfknowledge symtomps.Conclusion The depressive symptoms in bone tumor patients are mild or moderate.The guiltfeeling,difficulty falling asleep,disorders of initating and maintaining sleep,early wake up,poor interests to work and entertainment,retardation,physical symptoms are more significant to diagnosis.
Key words:Bone tumor;Depression;Hamilton depressive scale
躯体疾病特别是肿瘤患者伴有抑郁情绪的发生率很高,但抑郁症状往往被忽视,患者的抑郁症状被认为是躯体疾病的一部分,或理解为患者对疾病做出的正常反应〔1〕。本文通过骨肿瘤患者伴发的抑郁与抑郁症患者的抑郁状态进行比较,分析骨肿瘤患者抑郁症状的特点。
1 对象和方法
1.1 自2000年1月至2004年12月,在我院骨科住院治疗的骨肿瘤患者38例,纳入标准:根据病史、体检、影像学和病理切片确诊者,尚未进行化疗、放疗及手术者。符合ICD10抑郁发作的诊断,汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD,17 项版本)总分≥17分。患者对本次调查知情并同意。抑郁症患者组:选择同期我院精神科住院治疗的患者26例。纳入标准:诊断符合ICD10抑郁发作的诊断标准。排除标准:双向障碍(抑郁发作)者,精神发育迟滞者。酒精和药物滥用或依赖者。伴有严重的脑、心、肝、肾功能障碍以及代谢性疾病的患者。
1.2 评定工具
HAMD:涉及有关躯体不是症状的评定需排出骨肿瘤的直接影响。自行设计调查表:包括一般资料、家庭、社会资料和自我评价。疼痛程度评估:分为三级,无疼痛、轻度疼痛(无需药物治疗)和重度疼痛(需药物治疗)。
1.3 评定方法
现场测评由精神科医生主持,自评量表在测评人员的指导下由患者自行填写,对于某些原因不能自行填写的由测评人员填写。
1.4 观察指标
两组患者抑郁症状的异同。
1.5 统计分析
分别进行一般统计学描述、t检验和χ2检验统计分析。
2 结果
2.1 描述性统计
2.1.1 参与者数量分析
骨肿瘤患者共67例完成测评,符合入组标准的共计38例。抑郁症组为同期住院的符合入组标准和排除标准的抑郁症患者,共计26例。